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Virginia Courts Summary


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The Virginia trial court system consists of Circuit Courts, General District Courts, and Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts.
 
Circuit Courts have general jurisdiction over all civil and criminal cases but typically only handle cases beyond the jurisdiction of other courts. General District Courts and Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts have limited jurisdiction over certain types of cases.
 

 


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Where to find court cases in Virginia

The chart below gives general information on the types of cases heard in each type of court in Virginia.
 

= Most or all cases.     = Some cases.

Case Type Court Type
CivilCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
General Civil - Unlimited
 
General Civil - Limited
 
Small Claims 
 
Civil Equity
 
Complex Commercial
  
Foreclosures and Liens
 
Real Estate Title and Boundary
Landlord / Tenant
 
Ordinance Violations 
 
Protection, No Contact, and Restraining Orders
 
Administrative Agency Appeals
 
CriminalCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
Felony
  
Felony Preliminary Hearings
 
Misdemeanors
Ordinance Violations
 
Juvenile
 
Traffic and Infractions 
 
Domestic RelationsCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
Divorce
 
Child Custody and Visitation
 
Child Support
 
Paternity
 
Domestic Violence Protection Order
 
JuvenileCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
Adoptions
 
Juvenile Delinquency  
Child Abuse and Neglect  
Termination of Parental Rights
 
Children in Need of Supervision  
Mental HealthCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
Involuntary Commitments 
Other Mental Health Cases
ProbateCircuit CourtsGeneral District CourtsJuvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts
Wills & Estates
  
Name Changes
 
Trusts
  
Guardianships and Conservatorships
 
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